QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT

We all know that Quantum physics is a very weird foundation of modern physics or particle physics that has every possibility. We discussed about quantum tunneling, double slit experiment, quantum field theory and also many other things. For some of us those topics were very surprising and it gave a whole new meaning to understand physics. Similarly, among those very weird ideas/ theorems, Quantum Entanglement beats them all.

 Quantum entanglement is a part in the quantum mechanics which kind of has his own branch. The results which are obtained, the observations that are magnified in our life not only gives an insightful idea but also creates a hindrance to the classical physics. It often describes the common connection of a particle with symmetry.

So, to understand quantum entanglement we must understand what does entanglement means? Entanglement is a process where let’s say two particles relate, depend on one other or just being attached. In physics, however this is not the only case during entanglement. 

Let’s assume that there are two particles “A” and “B” which are entangled with each other. (not observing).

                                                fig: two particles entangled at first, not observed

After this let us separate those two particles very far from each other, again without observing any distinct features of particle.

In here, if the particles follow all criteria to form quantum entanglement we can say that, those two particles are now at quantum entanglement state. So, now that the two particles are entangled with each other according to quantum entanglement theory it says that no matter how far the distance is, the particle A must have the effect on particle B. I know this doesn’t give any sense at all but it will, after some explanation. So, what do the effect on A means? Since, we are not observing any particles yet, we cannot be certain about their direction, cannot tell if the particle is moving in a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction. Now, we observe the particle A to find out if it is in clockwise or anti-clockwise direction, but we don’t observe the particle B yet and we are still unconcerned about its direction. After observing, we found out that particle A is moving in clockwise direction, and here is the weird thing we can actually find the direction of particle B with the help of particle A. The direction of particle B will alternate to the direction of particle A right after observing A which will be anti-clockwise but since the direction is already constant, it cannot be changed, the direction is alternated before even observing the particle A. The summary is that when you don’t observe any of the particle it has random direction, but right after you observe one of the particle, the other particle must have an alternating effect before observing the first particle.

hence, observing one particle affect the other particle, so we can actually know the direction of particle B just by studying the direction of particle A which would be alternate to each other.

 A classic example of this theory can be a pair of gloves which gives a relative idea of quantum entanglement. Again, it is similar to quantum entanglement but it doesn’t follow the actual theory.

Suppose that, there is a pair of gloves and from that pair, you and your friend XYZ are given one glove each and they are packed in two different boxes. Both of you are unaware about the information of the glove, you don’t know which glove (right or left) you have. After splitting the boxes, let’s say your friend was sent very far from you, so both of you couldn’t know anything about each other gloves. Now, let’s say that you open the box and see the glove and it was right hand glove. So, now if you had to guess what XYZ got, what will it be? It is obvious that XYZ got left hand glove, we can say this without observing the XYZ’s box as we already know from your box. This is exactly like quantum entanglement. You don’t have to see the XYZ box after you observe your box which had right hand glove. But, if neither of the box was observed we couldn’t tell which box had which gloves so only by observing one box we could be certain about the other box as well. Hence, by observing one box it had an effect on the other box just as in quantum entanglement and this happens whatever the distance is.

 

 

Now , when I said that particle changes its feature before observing is some how paradoxical but it could be achieved if we could travel faster than speed of light.

Many scientists believed that when observing one particle it gave information to the other particle and changed its feature by giving the information. Since, the distance doesn’t affect this process it can be said that in this scenario the information actually travels at infinite speed, even faster than speed of light. Because if we think about it, it kind of makes sense. If a particle is entangled to other and they are separated by very far distance let’s say 4 light years, but when we observe one particle it gives information to other and the other particle receives it at very instant even in at that very far distance and has the direction before observing the first particle hence the information travels faster than speed of light and in that case, effect happens before cause. This was so strange that even Albert Einstein called this phenomena as “spooky effect”.